Bryn Mawr Classical Review

Christopher Pelling, Plutarch Caesar: Translated with Introduction and Commentary. Clarendon Ancient History Series. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2011. Pp. xix, 519. ISBN 9780199608355. $55.00 (pb).

Reviewed by Brad L. Cook, University of Mississippi (blcook@olemiss.edu)

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While some of us crane our necks looking for Plutarch in the recent parade of companions to ancient authors, topics, and eras (two are in the queue, rumor has it), a profoundly rich book has arrived in this new addition to the Clarendon Ancient History Series. The English translation is the foundation (52 pp.) for which there are 373 data- filled pages of commentary. An excellent, succinct companion to the whole of Plutarch and all the Lives is found in the seventy-six page introduction, with emphasis of course on Caesar. Behind this invaluable introduction and the whole of the commentary stands not just Pelling's 1988 commentary on Plutarch's Antony and his numerous articles on Plutarch (many reprinted with updating annotations in his 2002 Plutarch and History, itself a companion to much of Plutarch). Yet, however much this book is about Plutarch and his Caesar, Pelling has packed much, much more into his commentary. He compares all the ancient textual sources about Caesar, everything historical, chronological, archaeological, etc., and he discusses the methods and motives of the authors of all the texts considered and of the actor and author Caesar himself, incorporating throughout all the ancient references as well as bibliography from the nineteenth century to the just-printed new edition of the OCD (and beyond); and, when Caesar's end draws nigh, Pelling integrates into the commentary the insight of an author who, like Plutarch, knew well how to fashion a dramatic narrative: Shakespeare. In short, this book should be subtitled "A Companion to the Study of Caesar," and advertised to everyone whose reading and research, especially historical, touch upon Caesar, upon his age, or upon any source on Caesar.

The introduction (1–76) to this commentary is the most recent overview of Plutarch and his Caesar and, more broadly, of the research for and the creation of all the Parallel Lives and especially of Plutarch's set of late-Republican Lives. And since, as it is said, and rightly so, Christopher Pelling is one of the best scholars working on Plutarch these days, this is now the most insightful, balanced, and bibliographically packed concise starting point for the study of Plutarch. From the broadest definition—"'Genre' is a slippery concept, and it is especially slippery when we talk of ancient biography" (13)—through Plutarch's general habits, "Plutarch and the Caesars" (1–13), to the design of this Life, and "Plutarch and Roman Politics" (58–64), Pelling quotes, cites, and/or footnotes all the well-known Plutarchan passages and the relevant scholarship. Pelling's eye is always on the flexibility of Plutarch's art and how the design of a Life depends on the life. For Caesar Pelling shows that what we might expect of Plutarch is not here: "the moral voice is strangely muted" (19). Pelling highlights this strangeness here and traces it through the commentary with constant comparison to parallel versions of events in Plutarch (and in every other surviving historical source, as a veritable companion to Caesar should). Pelling's explanation is that "the manner of the Life reflects the manner of Caesar himself" (24). Much, then, in this introduction and throughout the commentary is about Caesar's history as well as how Plutarch revised, omitted, misunderstood, conflated, compressed (see "Remoulding the Material," 56–8), left things "nicely ambiguous" (398), deserved credit "for perceptiveness as well as literary craft" (393), and was "historically wild but artistically powerful" (263).

The translation (77–128) aims at clarity. Anyone searching for a mirror of Plutarch's often delightfully, or frustratingly, dense hypotactic style will not need to worry about that here. Pelling divides up the long Greek sentences into shorter, contemporary English ones. A number of his short, punchy sentences stand out, in fact, to form an epitome of Plutarch's text: "1.4, Then he thought about killing him. 2.7, Caesar decided to ignore him. 4.4, In Rome Caesar's support grew. 5.5, This too brought him goodwill. 6.6, The senate gathered to discuss it. 7.1, But Caesar would not be put off. 7.4, Then the votes were cast. 8.2, The men were handed over for execution. 8.6, That impressed Cato. 10.9, That seemed paradoxical. 14.3, With those words he leapt out to the people.15.4, Caesar's achievements outdo them all. 24.3, They all but took the camp by storm. 24.6, But Caesar outsmarted them. 24.6, His strategy was to win contempt. 28.4, There were pretexts at hand. 28.5, Where would all this crazy turbulence end? 32.5, They call it the Rubicon. 34.3, The sight of the city was most pitiful. 35.2, Pompey withdrew before his advance. 35.7 War is not the time for free speech. 37.2, Then the senate appointed Caesar dictator. 37.6, 'What's the purpose of it all?' 39.8, Caesar was now in despair. 44.1, Caesar was delighted. 47.6, Livy firmly attests the truth of this. 49.10, Caesar himself set out for Syria. 50.1, Then he travelled on through Asia. 51.2, He was met by popular disapproval. 53.5, That, at least, is one version of that battle. 56.7, This was Caesar's final war. 64.1, Then Decimus Brutus Albinus intervened. 69.6, It happened like this. 69.14, Yet he did not die fighting. 69.14, So he met his death." Four of these short sentences are Plutarch's, thus Pelling is simply expanding a stylistic feature found already, occasionally, in Plutarch's Greek. If this penchant imposes too much modern English prose style onto this ancient text, students will certainly appreciate it, and these staccato sentences often draw attention to the point that Pelling sees as prominent.

The clarity of Pelling's translation is frequently marked by a certain brilliance, e.g., Caes. 6.3, "they would allow him to play the revolutionary in this tomfool way" (δίδωσι παίζειν τοιαῦτα καὶ καινοτομεῖν); Caes. 14.3, "With those words he leapt out (ἐξεπήδησε) to the people"; Caes. 20.2, "... and he used it as a base for his demagogy" (ἐνταῦθα καθήμενος ἐδημαγώγει); Caes. 28.5, "Where would all this crazy turbulence end?" (ἐκ τοσαύτης παραφροσύνης καὶ τοσούτου κλύδωνος ἐκπεσεῖται τὰ πράγματα); Caes. 44.12, "The blow was so powerful that the point pierced through the head and came out by the occipital bone (τὸ ἰνίον)"; Caes. 48.4, "this was his greatest and most delicious (ἥδιστον) reward of victory, the chance to save one man after another (τινὰς ἀεὶ) who had fought against him." There was one passage, however, dynamic but not literal, that I would question: "I see that exaggerated hairstyle, and the way he parts (κνώμενον) it with a single finger" (Caes. 4.9). Can the middle of κνάω (κνῆσθαι/κνᾶσθαι) work thus, and is it physically possible even for Caesar, or Pompey (Pomp. 48.7), to part his hair, no matter how much or how little hair, with only one finger?

In the commentary historical matters abound, as is appropriate for the series. Pick any activity or event in Caesar's life, whether included in Plutarch's Life or not, and you will find a densely packed presentation of the ancient evidence and modern discussion: any step in the cursus honorum, the topography or body count of any battle, the dates, order, and agenda of meetings of the Senate, the Catilinarian conspiracy (160–171), Caesar's first consulship in 59 B.C. (192–203), the crossing of the Rubicon (312–19), etc. I offer as an example of Pelling's attention to historical detail (and his humor) the note on Caes. 66.7, "Casca struck first, with a blow by the side of the neck...": "the left, according to Nic. Dam. 89. If Casca was standing behind C., perhaps he was left- handed. The blow slipped past the neck and hit the chest, App. 2.117.492. At Brut. 17.4 Pelling specifies the 'shoulder' twice rather than the 'neck': in Caesar the neck matters more (§6 n.). Wiseman 212 suggests that Casca was aiming for the heart, but the throat is just as effective a way of killing" (481). This is informative and witty. But after the deserved chuckle, make sure, if you are dipping into the commentary and not reading it straight through, to go back to §6 n., and from there back to earlier notes, so you can, at every turn, follow how Pelling manages to keep always one eye on the historical matter and another on Plutarch's narrative art.

Eight maps are included, marked clearly with all that is relevant to Caesar's far-reaching career, from Britain to Egypt. The layout of the text has been done with care, especially the commentary, with lemmata marked in bold and with chapter and section numbers at the top of the page. There is an index of names (503–15), and a short but very useful general index (516–19; see, e.g., "debt," "imagery," and "numbers"). In a commentary so rich in citations, ancient and modern, it is surely impossible to avoid at least a few slips. I noticed that the reference to Caes. 9.10 at the middle of p. 170 (and seven lines later) should be to 10.10 (and the same on p. 331). For modern references, the year (2002/3) is missing in Jeffrey Beneker's article cited on p. 24 n. 52; "Stevens 28" on p. 288 n. 13 needs to be between 169–208 (184 is my estimate). Only one slip in the English caught my eye: in the middle of p. 174, "removed by office by senatorial decree" should be "... from office ..."

In closing, mention should be made of the very opening of Pelling's preface where he speaks ominously (cf. Caes. 11.5–6?) of his book as forty years in the making and, thus, "a terrible warning for any young scholar" (v). I would rather call it an awful, that is awe-filling, exemplar of how decades of excellent scholarship have produced a book that will be in use for many decades, and generations, to come.

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A. J. S. Spawforth, Greece and the Augustan Cultural Revolution. Greek culture in the Roman world. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012. Pp. viii, 319. ISBN 9781107012110. $99.00.

Reviewed by Daniel R. Stewart, University of Leicester (ds120@le.ac.uk)

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In 1982, J. K. Galbraith critiqued contemporary American economic policy by comparing it to the ideas of the 1890s: "what an older and less elegant generation called the horse-and-sparrow theory: If you feed the horse enough oats, some will pass through to the road for the sparrows."¹ This idea is more popularly known as trickle-down economics. Keynes and Hayek, Democrat and Republican, Labour and Conservative have fought over this idea and its application for over a century, with no clear winner. One's adherence to, or disavowal of, this idea largely comes down to what you perceive are the best markers for studying an intangible.

Within historical and cultural studies, especially those dealing with identity, there is an equally long-standing and irreconcilable debate surrounding an intangible. One that is founded on similar mechanisms of interaction – that of the role of elite emulation in cultural change. Both ideas, economic and acculturative, are basically about how many usable oats the lower orders can harvest from horse-shit. It is taken as a given that the lower orders are picking through it in the first place.

Spawforth's book is an important contribution to this fundamental debate, and in many respects it is a logical culmination of his previously published works. He sees the Romanisation of the Greek East as a 're-Hellenisation' driven by a distinctly Roman vision of what constitutes Greekness, largely drawn from the exempla of Classical Athens and Sparta. Roman elite readings of Greek culture are imparted to self-interested provincial elites, and this trickles down to everyone else. This idea, simply stated, has important ramifications for our understandings of cultural interaction, elite behaviour, and the nature of the early principate. What was the place of Greece in Roman perceptions? To what extent were the Greeks complicit in the imposition of a dominant Augustan ideology of Greekness? Can culture and its expression be reduced to a continual process of renegotiation by those at the top?

Spawforth begins within his first chapter (Introduction: Greece and the Augustan Age) by clearly laying out his assumptions: his theory of Romanisation, the mechanisms of cultural transformation as he sees them, the place of Augustus within the Greek world, and the character of the Greek provincial elite, who he sees as increasingly influenced by the tastes and behaviours of their Roman counterparts. Strongly implicit in all of this is a Machiavellian central ideology whose basic tenets were devised by Augustus and his close circle, and whose spread was facilitated by targeted patronage and the strong desire amongst provincial elites to support the new system. Rather than a reactionary principate that sees ideology accrete and cohere over time, this is a driven, far-sighted Augustus who seeks to rework what it means to be Roman from the beginning of his rule. Within the context of Greek provincial life, this can be seen in the careful application of civic benefaction and the increasing awareness of, and emphasis on, distinguished ancestors amongst provincial elites. Spawforth emphases that this process began before Augustus, but nevertheless it forms a central plank in his theory. Augustus selects existing trends, and by his selection makes them policy.

The following chapters are, in essence, extended case studies intended to support the core argument: each merits a close reading, for each is a complicated and delicate construction that supports a relatively simple idea. This review can do little more than sum up the main points as I see them. Chapter 2 ('Athenian eloquence and Spartan arms') explores the two best-documented instances of concrete Augustan intervention (or 'cultural initiatives' as Spawforth calls them [p59]) in Greek poleis. The Agrippeum in Athens and the Augustan support for the disciplina of Sparta, in the guise of the (in)famous whipping contest.

In the case of the Agrippeum, its architectural form and sculptural decoration are secondary to its function: the promotion of Atticising forms of declamation. Spawforth sees the structure (and the associated performances) within a militarized atmosphere, with specific references to Classical Athenian force of arms, and the nearby Temple of Ares, bearing this out. In the case of Sparta, he follows the traditional model of using the Temple of Artemis Orthia as an example of that polis' civic institutions propping-up and promulgating a de-historicised Lygurgan constitution that approached ancestor cult. He sees both Athens and Sparta as important trans-Mediterranean hubs of cultural contact for both Greeks and Romans. Visitors flocked to these poleis and drank from Augustus' Hellenising well while doing so.

Chapter 3 ('The noblest actions of the Greeks') builds on the notion of Athens and Sparta as central nodes in culturally transformative networks by examining Roman views of key moments in Greek history. So Athens' role in the Persian wars (especially Salamis) and Sparta's leadership at Plataea were used by Augustus to shape attitudes towards Greece – both at home and in the provinces. For the Athenian case, a masterly discussion of a fragmentary inscription (SEG 26.121 = IG ii² 1035) seeks to establish Salamis as a touchstone for an Athenian program of antiquarian restoration with Augustan roots.² In the case of Sparta, it is the remains of the theatre and the Pausanian description of the Persian Stoa that, for Spawforth, point to the Augustan emphasis of the Persian wars. Plataea itself sees renewed (or just new) ritualized performances that Spawforth reads in an anti-barbarian light. These three examples are all tied to each other by a shift in Greek commemorative practices that highlights their ritualized landscapes of triumphalism, their emphasis on past glories, and Augustan approval.

The next chapter ('The gifts of the gods') aims to incorporate elements of the main counterargument to Spawforth's thesis (that of cultural convergence, as opposed to his notion of domination). Spawforth is evidently influenced by his subject: for a study that is based so much on careful readings of rhetoric and declamation, he does an admirable job of employing the techniques he enumerates. Spawforth sees changes in Greek ritual as responding to Roman ideas of religious antiquarianism – he envisages a network of elite interactions creating a dialogue between Greeks and Romans that eventually bleeds into the organizing of civic festivals and polis administration.

The fifth chapter ('Constructed beauty') builds on his consistent theme of collaborating locals by examining examples of restored civic buildings within several poleis – most notably Messene, Athens and Sparta, Olympia and Mantinea. As with the previous chapters, the evidence is drawn primarily from epigraphy and select historical sources. Spawforth suggests that the mechanism of cultural transformation lies in power relations, tied to ideas of gender that allow the creation of shades of Greekness. In other words, contemporary Greeks are feminine, but the Greek past is virile and masculine, and the emphasis of that past will transform the contemporary Greeks into acceptable near-Roman proponents of civilization. Or, the more the current Greeks adhere to Roman ideas of past Greekness, the more acceptable it is for aspects of Roman culture to be based on Greek models. Past behaviour excuses contemporary weakness so long as the diagnosis is accepted, and the cure taken willingly.

The final substantive chapter takes this idea up to the time of Hadrian (Hadrian and the legacy of Augustus) by selecting examples of later imperial policy that have their precedent in the activities of Augustus. A concluding chapter neatly summarises the main ideas.

Spawforth is clearly influenced by Wallace-Hadrill and Zanker, and to his credit he is transparent about his influences and underlying assumptions. From Wallace-Hadrill he takes the model of "circulatory acculturation", where Rome is the beating heart taking in ideas of Hellenism and spurting out a 're-oxygenated' form to the imperial extremities. ³ From Zanker (and German art historians more generally) he takes the notion of a centrist, absolute Augustan program of cultural intervention in the lives, public and private, of imperial citizens.⁴ Underpinning the argument is the idea that the Augustan 'restoration' of the Roman state was supported, indeed enabled, by the interdependence of the moral and the political, and that this can be extended to the provinces.

This idea, implied but never really dissected, is supported by saying that the 'meanings' of Augustan outputs (coarsely: the reforms, the images, the literature) are multivalent, both for producers and consumers. It is very hard to argue against the notion of multivalency, because as an idea it includes the evidence that corroborates and that which contradicts. Indeed, part of the interpretive power of the idea of multivalency as Spawforth wields it is this syllogistic rationale that sees divergent or contradictory explanations as further proof of its efficacy.

One of the ways Spawforth is able to make this rhetorical edifice appear sound is by following the transhistorical ideas of Shumate.⁵ Spawforth isn't using the transhistorical aspect of Shumate's work in relation to modern instances of nationalism and imperialism, but the underlying projection of ideas backwards and forwards in time allowed by transhistorical reasoning is evident in his arguments. He jumps around in time, selecting his evidence carefully and interpreting it as either laying the groundwork for later Augustan manipulation, or as evidence of what must have been an earlier Augustan intervention. It is skillfully done, but is it correct? Through his selectivity he creates a Mirror of Erised; he sees what he most desires.

He weaves these interpretive threads together in an impressively original manner, but ultimately what Spawforth is doing is marshalling an array of proxies for culture, and his selection of evidence is telling. Throughout most of the book, Spawforth's discussion is based on Pausanian description, a judicious reading of historical texts, fragmentary inscriptions, and very selective archaeological interpretation. So with the Agrippeum the emphasis is on the decorative program (pp.60-70) and the associated oratory (pp.70-80), rather than the archaeology (on which he relies on Thompson). Similarly with his discussion of religion, the emphasis is on the dedicatory inscriptions rather than the religious spaces (see the eloquent but rootless discussion of Athenian sacred embassy to Delphi, pp.147ff.; Spawforth is aware of the limitations at times: p.192). When it comes to his discussion of the transformation of civic space, it is to Pausanias and epigraphy, not archaeology or topography, that he turns; at Messene, it is the decree discussing the urban fabric that is highlighted (SEG 23.205 and 207; pp. 213-217), not the extensive excavations and topographical research of Themelis.

It shows what he thinks culture is, or rather, what he thinks the recoverable elements of culture are in a Greek and Roman context. Culture is writing, perhaps writing about objects, but not objects themselves. As writing changes, so goes culture. He constructs a nuanced, imaginative, and fundamentally important argument within the bounds of this restrictive definition of culture, but, in the end, despite its nuance, it is an argument in monolithic views; a single Augustan Rome with discrete boundaries driving, coercing, and shaping a single vision of Greekness, from the top down. This is a position that you either accept or reject based on your perceptions of how culture operates, and what its most significant markers are. If you accept that 'high literature', art historical readings of buildings, and state- sanctioned epigraphy are proxies for the operation of culture (broadly writ), then Spawforth is surely correct. If, on the other hand, you think that culture operates on a much more contextualized and indistinct basis, with no bounded categories of select markers, if you think that culture exists beyond and outside of the elite, then Spawforth is frustratingly high-minded and, when all is said and done, incomplete.

This work is an important crystallization of a particular (and predominant) point of view regarding the operation, transmission, and evolution of culture in the Greek East. It is a skillful, provocative, beautifully flawed work that annoyed and delighted in equal measure, and is essential reading for anyone working on Roman Greece or issues of cultural interaction more broadly. In reference to art, Simon Schama said that you can identify a great work when you turn your back on it and still feel its presence.⁶ By that definition, Spawforth will be at our backs for some time to come.

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Notes:

1.   Galbraith, J. K. (February 4, 1982) "Recession Economics." New York Review of Books 29.1: 34.
2.   See CJ Online 2012.09.02 for a discussion of this aspect of Spawforth's argument.
3.   Wallace-Hadrill, A. 2008. Rome's Cultural Revolution. Cambridge University Press. Reviewed in BMCR 2009.07.50
4.   Zanker, P. 1988. The Power of Images in the Age of Augustus. University of Michigan Press.
5.   See BMCR 2008.01.38 for an excellent critique of the 'transhistorical' character of Roman imperialism.
6.   Schama, S. 2006. The Power of Art. BBC Books: 6-7.

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Gian Luca Gregori, Ludi e munera. 25 anni di ricerche sugli spettacoli d'età romana. Scritti vari rielaborati e aggiornati con la collaborazione di Giorgio Crimi e Maurizio Giovagnoli. Rome: Edizioni Universitarie di Lettere Economia Diritto, 2011. Pp. 281. ISBN 9788879164795. €31.00.

Reviewed by Guy Chamberland, Thorneloe College of Laurentian University (gchamberland@laurentian.ca)

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[The table of contents is inserted at the end of the review.]

This book contains 20 papers and two book reviews (chapters 5 and 17) that had been previously published in a variety of journals and books but were reworked (sometimes quite extensively) and updated to give uniformity to this collection and reduce repetitions as much as possible (10). In addition, instead of individual bibliographies at the end of each chapter, a general and updated bibliography is provided (205-248, preceded by a complete list of Gregori's articles on the spectacles, 201-203), though a few important studies, such as Coleman's on Martial's Liber spectaculorum, are missing. The aim of uniformity is achieved successfully; the author and his collaborators in this venture, G. Crimi and M. Giovagnoli, were obviously not interested in expediency over quality, and for this they deserve to be praised. In spite of the title, however, the subject matter is heavily biased in favour of the gladiatorial munera; only three papers are about ludi scaenici (chapters 20-22), and a single one is about ludi circenses (chapter 19), though it is mostly concerned with the evidence for displays of gladiators in the circus.

The first four chapters were originally published between 1999 and 2001 and primarily addressed to non-specialists. Chapter 1, for instance, discusses three social aspects of gladiatorial displays: their funerary origin, those who organized them, and the spectators, but all this in only 13 pages (13-25). Specialists will probably gain little from these chapters except from the rich bibliography. Chapter 18, a conflation of two book chapters published in 1999 and 2008, is likewise aimed at a wider readership (157-161), though Gregori's discussion of the early medieval restoration of the amphitheatre of Pavia, by Athalaricus in 528/9, complements his presentation in Vol. II of Epigrafia anfiteatrale dell'Occidente Romano (hereafter EAOR), given to the northern Italian provinces, at no. 67.

Chapters 6-16, originally published between 1984 and 1997, are mostly concerned with the northern Italian archaeological and epigraphic evidence. Chapters 7 and 8, for instance, discuss the evidence for amphitheatres in Umbria (57-82). Gregori lists eight cities where amphitheatres are attested archaeologically, and three more where such buildings have been possibly or probably identified (57-58). Interestingly, barely ten Umbrian inscriptions record gladiatorial spectacles and hunts for the 300 years from the Augustan principate to the Constantinian monarchy (cf. 62-65), but the author does not try to explain that surprisingly low number.¹ Some of the inscriptions discussed by the author have been known for a long time. A third- or early fourth-century funerary monument from Trieste is, Gregori says, "rather exceptional" (137) for having been erected in the Latin part of the Empire by a munerarius for his gladiators (CIL V 563 = EAOR II 18). To the best of my knowledge, there is actually no parallel to this situation in the entire corpus of Latin inscriptions. Gregori also produced the editio princeps of a number of inscriptions. The gladiator Rutumanna's epitaph (147-151 + fig. 22), for instance, came to his attention in 1991, two years after he had published EAOR II. The name Rutumanna, an epigraphic unicum, is otherwise attested only in Solinus (45.15), in the story of a charioteer of that name borrowed from Pliny's Historia naturalis (8.65). In Pliny, however, the charioteer's name is Ratumenna, after whom, Pliny adds, Rome's Porta Ratumenna was named.² The new gladiator's epitaph makes it difficult to dismiss Solinus' variant as a corruption. Also of note are two very fragmentary reliefs found just outside Rome in 1977, but missing from EAOR I (53-55).³ They, too, contribute rare names, Auricomus ("Golden- Hair") and Scolasticus ("Scholar"!), to our catalogue of gladiators' noms de guerre.

The last three chapters are about the personnel of the ludi scaenici. Chapters 20 and 22 include four inscriptions published by Gregori in the last decade. The texts are brief but contribute new names to our catalogues of archimimi, mimae, and scaenicae (195-199). In addition, a new office is attested, that of ad aurum scaenicum, whose holder Gregori interprets (probably rightly) as overseer of the gold furnishings used in the lavish Roman stage sets (176). Chapter 21 is a useful mini-lexicon of several titles of the performers of the Roman stage attested in the inscriptions of Rome (179-193). The terms reviewed are: acroama, actor, atellanus, comoedus, emboliaria, histrio, mimus, pantomimus, and scaenicus.

The bibliography is followed by detailed indices of literary and epigraphic sources (251-254, 255-268) as well as 26 well reproduced black and white figures (271-281).

Gian Luca Gregori's important contribution to the field of Roman spectacles is undeniable. He has been the general editor of EAOR since 1995 and is currently working on the (re)publication, for a future supplement to CIL VI, of the Latin inscriptions from Rome which concern spectacles. Specialists of amphitheatralia will appreciate that the book under review conveniently brings together a number of his studies, some in journals of rather limited diffusion outside Italy and western Europe. I also highly recommend this book to students intending to pursue their graduate studies in this field, and in particular those (especially in America) who do not yet have a good command of the modern literature, and in particular of the important Italian contribution.

Table of Contents

Premessa
1. Aspetti sociali della gladiatura romana
2. La legislazione relativa agli spettacoli
3. L'amministrazione degli spettacoli e delle caserme gladiatorie
4. I gladiatori: onomastica, stato giuridico, condizioni di vita
5. Gladiatori e tattiche di combattimento. A proposito di un libro recente
6. Nuovi rilievi gladiatorii iscritti da Roma
7. Anfiteatri e spettacoli gladiatorii nell'Umbria romana
8. Dediche di anfiteatri umbri
9. L'anfiteatro di Arezzo e gli spettacoli gladiatorii in Etruria
10. Un rilievo gladiatorio iscritto da Saturnia
11. Gladiatori e spettacoli anfiteatrali nell'epigrafia cisalpina
12. Antichità anfiteatrali nell'Emilia romana
13. I documenti epigrafici pertinenti agli anfiteatri di Verona, Aquileia e Pola
14. Lo spettacolo del munerario Constantius ed il teatro romano di Trieste nel Tardo Impero
15. Gladiatori a Padova
16. Tra epigrafia e filologia: un gladiatore di nome Rutumanna
17. Gli anfiteatri della Dacia romana
18. La fine della gladiatura e i restauri di Atalarico nell'anfiteatro di Pavia
19. Gladiatori nei circhi?
20. Schiavi e liberti imperiali per allestimenti teatrali
21. I protagonisti della scena teatrale nella documentazione epigrafica di Roma
22. Archimimi, mimi e scaenici: tre nuove iscrizioni romane di attori
Nota bibliografica. Elenco completo delle pubblicazioni [di G.L. Gregori] con i titoli originari
Bibliografia
Indici
Tavole

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Notes:

1.   On this problem see E. Melchor Gil, "La organización de 'ludi libres' en Hispania romana," in Hispania antiqua 20 (1996), 215-235; G. Chamberland, "La mémoire des spectacles: l'autoreprésentation des donateurs," in J. Nelis-Clément and K.M. Coleman, eds., L'organisation des spectacles dans le monde romain (Entretiens de la Fondation Hardt, vol. 58, Vandoeuvres-Genève 2012), 261-303, especially 264-272.
2.   The story is also mentioned at page 99 where, however, Gregori attributes to Solinus some details which are actually found only in Pliny, such as the Veientine origin of the charioteer. Solinus' summary is quite incompetent, as he produces a truncated and rather meaningless story by merging (unintentionally?) two contiguous stories in Pliny.
3.   These are not illustrated, but follow these two links to the Epigraphik-Datenbank Clauss - Slaby: AE 1995 225 and AE 1995 226.

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Martina Seifert, Dazugehören: Kinder in Kulten und Festen von Oikos und Phratrie: Bildanalysen zu attischen Sozialisationsstufen des 6. bis 4. Jahrhunderts v. Chr. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 2011. Pp. 398; 20 p. of plates. ISBN 9783515096423. € 64.00 (pb).

Reviewed by Giulia Pedrucci, Università degli Studi di Bologna (giulia.pedrucci@unibo.it)

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Table of Contents

Il volume ha un'articolazione minuziosa e complessa,¹ che si rivela sin dal titolo. La coerenza e la chiarezza del metodo e degli obiettivi sono opportunamente esposti nella Einleitung e non vengono disattesi. Sin dalle prime parole appaiono con chiarezza lo scopo, il metodo, la delimitazione temporale e la tipologia di materiale utilizzato:

Im Blickfeld dieser Studie steht die Präsentation von Kindern auf attischen Bilddarstellungen des 6. Bis 4. Jh. v. Chr. Sie konzentriert sich auf Heranwachsende verschiedener Altersstufen in szenischen Bildzusammenhängen. Die Analyse der Merkmale der verwendeten Bildsprache und ihrer Bedeutung erfolgt gattungsübergreifend am Beispiel von Gefäß- und Reliefdarstellungen von Hintergrund des historischen Kontextes. […] Für die Beschäftigung mit der Kunst und Kulturgeschichte des Mittelmeerraumes spielen Darstellungen auf antiken griechischen Gefäßen oder Reliefs das Konstruktionen gesellschaftlicher Wertvorstellungen eine besondere Rolle: Ihre Bilder ermöglichen Rückschlüsse auf zeitspezifische Normen und Verhaltensweisen. Die Bildträger ihrerseits fanden in den verschiedenen Lebensbereichen in vielfältigen Funktionen Verwendung – im Alltag wie im Kult. Ihre weitläufige Verbreitung macht sie zu bedeutenden Medien im antiken Kommunikationsprozess (p. 17).

Come segnala la stessa autrice, non c'è niente di particolarmente innovativo nello studio delle immagini come mezzi per veicolare messaggi (identità, valori sociali, norme di comportamento), ma risulta significativamente interessante – per quanto concerne l'approccio multidisciplinare, fondamentale in un lavoro di questo tipo – l'applicazione di teorie mutuate dalla semiotica e dalla filosofia del linguaggio allo studio del mondo antico.

Für die Analyse einzelner Bilder bedeutet dies: Darstellungen bestehen aus einzelnen Bildelementen, deren Summe eine Bildaussage ergibt. Die Bildelemente setzen sich aus Zeichen und Symbolen zusammen, welche auf den Ebenen der Ikonographie und Bildsprache analysierbar sind. (p. 25).

Umberto Eco è espressamente citato.

La studiosa concentra la sua attenzione in particolare sui bambini e sugli adolescenti ritratti nell'ambito di cerimonie festive e/o cultuali (si noterà successivamente che non sempre è agevole o possibile distinguere tra contesto festivo e contesto cultuale) fra VI e IV secolo a.C. Queste immagini, secondo Martina Seifert, ci parlano del loro futuro ruolo in base al sesso maschile o femminile all'interno della complessa e gerarchica struttura sociale attica. I bambini e gli adolescenti, infatti, non sarebbero stati esclusi a priori, in quando non-adulti, dalla vita sociale della polis. Più precisamente l'oikos e la phratria, come Bezugsgruppen, avrebbero rivestito un ruolo cruciale nel loro processo di integrazione, attraverso rituali raffigurati, appunto, in una cospicua parte della documentazione analizzata. L'appartenenza all'oikos e alla phratria diventa per il non-adulto l'elemento garante e fondante dell'identità sociale.

Dopo un breve Capitolo relativo ai vocaboli utilizzati per indicare le diverse fasce d'età nelle fonti scritte (opere teatrali, filosofiche e passi contenenti informazioni sugli agoni sportivi), seguono tre capitoli dedicati prevalentemente all'analisi della documentazione archeologica.

Nel Capitolo Die Figur des Kindes in der attischen Bildkunst des 6. Und 5. Jh. v. Chr. (pp. 35-105) si analizzano le diverse modalità con cui i bambini e gli adolescenti vengono raffigurati nella pittura vascolare e sui rilievi votivi nel periodo di tempo indicato (si distinguono bambini rappresentati da soli o assieme ad adulti, divini o umani, raffigurati in maniera realistica o come adulti in miniatura; poi il motivo del commiato o quello della consegna del bambino e via discorrendo).

Partendo dal presupposto che un numero rilevante di raffigurazioni presenti su vasi e su rilievi mostrano i bambini e gli adolescenti come membri dell'oikos e che, difatti, a parte alcune significative eccezioni come le Choenkännchen (la cui funzione rimane una questione aperta), i bambini e gli adolescenti vengono sempre raffigurati assieme agli adulti, seguono due densi capitoli relativi all'analisi dettagliata di raffigurazioni su vasi e su rilievi votivi, intitolati Kinder in attischen Festkontexten: Altersklassen, Geschlechterrollen und Sozialisationsstufen auf Gefässdarstellungen des 6. bis 4. Jh. v. Chr. (pp. 107-155) e Kinder in attischen Kultkontexten: Kommunikation und Präsentation auf Weihreliefdarstellungen des 5. und 4. Jh. v. Chr. (pp. 157- 255). Le rappresentazioni vascolari vengono analizzate con l'obiettivo di cogliere il ruolo dei non-adulti all'interno di alcune festività pubbliche, mentre nelle raffigurazioni su stele votive è indagata in particolare la loro funzione in contesti più specificatamente cultuali (quindi ampio spazio viene dato alle divinità presenti in queste immagini e al loro ruolo nei cosiddetti "riti di passaggio"). I confini fra Festkontexten e Kultkontexten non possono che essere labili (forse a questo proposito avrebbe giovato una maggiore precisione terminologica, v. supra): Artemide, a esempio, compare sia come divinità coinvolta nell'arkteia sia come divinità al cospetto della quale si presenta un intero gruppo sociale (oikos o phratria?) nei rilievi votivi; le Apaturie sono menzionate in entrambi i capitoli. Sebbene vengano prese in considerazione entrambe le tipologie, per l'impostazione del lavoro e per gli scopi che si propone di raggiungere (cioè dimostrare, attraverso lo studio delle immagini, l'integrazione dei non-adulti all'interno dei gruppi sociali di appartenenza) le raffigurazioni su rilievi ci sembrano rivestire un'importanza maggiore (e difatti il catalogo è dedicato soltanto a essi). "Götterkulten und somit der Religion" - infatti - "kommt eine Schlüsselfunktion bei der Integration von Kindern und Jugendlichen in die Gemeinschaft des Erwachsenen zu." (p. 257).² La studiosa non manca mai di ricordare come la società attica di quel tempo fosse fortemente gerarchizzata in base ad alcune cosiddette "categorie di appartenenza" (sesso, condizione sociale, reddito, età).³

Riflessioni salienti e conclusioni sono raccolte negli ultimi due capitoli, intitolati Kinder als Angehörige von Oikos und Phratrie (pp. 257-273) e Dazugehören: Ideenskizze zum Wandel der Kinderdarstellungen (pp. 275- 297). L'originalità del testo non risiede nell'assunto che i non-adulti che partecipano a feste o a altre forme di culto vengono raffigurati in base alla loro età e al loro sesso, ma nello studio delle caratteristiche iconografiche in relazione ai diversi gradi previsti per l'integrazione sociale all'interno dell'oikos e della phratria e nel tentativo di mettere in luce il codice nascosto che regola la costruzione di queste immagini. Oltre ai già citati meriti del libro, si può aggiungere che esso può essere utilizzato anche come valido strumento per avere una panoramica circa alcune festività, le strutture (e sovrastrutture) sociali, le principali divinità coinvolte a vario titolo nella curotrofia e il contesto storico (mai trascurato, dal momento che "Antike Wirklichkeit kann aus moderner Sicht konstruiert, aber nicht rekonstruiert werden" p. 275).

Si segnalano il catalogo (che, però, si limita ai rilievi votivi) e la bibliografia esaustiva (risultano, però, assenti alcuni significativi studi francesi, come quelli di Françoise Frontisi-Ducroux e François Lissarague);⁴ si lamenta soltanto un non ricco apparato iconografico (probabilmente non dipendente dalla volontà dell'autrice). La linearità e la precisione metodologiche sono encomiabili; le conclusioni, forse, avrebbero potuto essere maggiormente incisive. Si segnalano inoltre, alla fine del testo, una serie di domande lasciate aperte per ulteriori indagini. Sempre nell'ultima parte del libro, vorremo segnalare, per concludere, un breve ma significativo Paragrafo dal titolo Die Bildsprache: Funktionen von Kindern versus Konstruktionen von "Kindheit" (pp. 292-296), dal quale si ricavano le seguenti parole:

Die hier vorgenommenen Analysen belegen klar, dass Kinder und Jugendliche in der attischen Kunst des 6. bis 4. Jh. v. Chr. nicht im Kontext ihrer verschiedenen Lebensräume und Lebensbedingungen abgebildet wurden. Alters- und Sozialisationsstufen implizieren verschiedene Lebensräume und Lebenszusammenhänge, letztere sind aber nicht primärer Gegenstand des Darstellungsinteresses. Kinder und Jugendliche treten überwiegend auf Darstellungen kultischer und festlicher Zusammenhänge auf, in denen angemessenes Verhalten der dargestellten Personen zur Anschauung gebracht wurde. (p. 293)

Il testo si inserisce perfettamente in quel filone di studi concernente l'infanzia nel mondo antico, che ha conosciuto negli ultimi vent'anni un interesse sempre crescente.⁵ In particolare a partire dall'inizio del nuovo millennio si sono moltiplicati gli approcci interdisciplinari alla complessa materia in questione, penalizzata e dalla penuria di informazioni sia nelle fonti letterarie che archeologiche (in passato a lungo colpevolmente trascurate) e dall'evanescenza e dall'opinabilità del concetto stesso di infanzia (che cos'è esattamente un bambino? Quando smette di essere tale e perché? Accanto a classificazioni sociali basate sull'età, il problema del passaggio da bambino ad adolescente e ad adulto può essere analizzato dal punto di vista medico, psicologico…). Numerose discipline si incontrano (e si devono incontrare) nell'affrontare un argomento di questo tipo: si spazia dall'archeologia "classica" ai cosiddetti Visual Studies, passando per la storia in senso stretto, per la storia delle religioni, per la filologia e per l'antropologia culturale nelle sue varie sfaccettature (antropologia del corpo, del genere, della parentela). Il libro di Martina Seifert ci sembra un felice esempio di come un singolo studioso possa orientare la sua ricerca in diverse direzioni, senza perdere rigore scientifico (in campo archeologico in particolare, dal momento che, volendo forzatamente inserire il lavoro all'interno di una singola disciplina, si tratta di un'opera di archeologia – o forse meglio di iconografia) e senza abusare di luoghi comuni o di eccessive semplificazioni (quando si apre ad altre discipline).

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Notes:

1.   L'organizzazione del lavoro è molto più articolata di quanto possa sembrare guardando il già dettagliato indice. Soltanto per fare un paio di esempi, il sottoparagrafo 1.1 Prothesis und Grabkult, appartenente al Paragrafo 1. Gefäßdarstellung del Capitolo III. Die Figur des Kindes in der attischen Bildkunst des 6. Und 5. Jh. v. Chr. Grenzsituationen um Tod, Abschied und Geburt è a sua volta suddiviso in: 1.1.1 Schwarzfigurige Darstellungen (Kleinkinder, Weibliche Figuren, Männliche Figuren, Charakterisierung von Alter und Geschlecht, Alter. Geschlecht und Status, Entwicklung der Bildmotive); 1.1.2 Rotfiguren Darstellungen auf Loutrophoren (Altersdifferenzierende Merkmale, Kleinkinder, Männliche Figuren, Weibliche Figuren, Charakterisierung von Alter und Geschlecht, Alter, Geschlecht und Status, Entwicklung der Bildmotive); 1.1.4 (ovviamente c'è una lieve svista nella numerazione) Hierarchisierung von Alter und Geschlecht. Oppure, per quanto concerne la parte più storico-religiosa del volume, le Weihungen an Zeus (sottoparagrafo del Paragrafo 2. Benennung und Differenzierung der Adressaten, facente parte del Capitolo V. Kinder in attischen Kultkontexten: Kommunikation und Präsentation auf Weihreliefdastellungen des 5. Und 4. Jh. v. Chr. Götter, Heroen und Menschen) si articolano in: 2.1.1 Zeus Meilichios (Bärtiger Zeus im Mantel. Sitzend, mit Schale und Stab, Bärtiger Zeus im Mantel. Sitzend, mit Schale und Füllhorn, Bärtiger Zeus im Mantel. Sitzend, mit Schlage, Schlage, Zusammenfassung); 2.1.2 Zeus Philios (Bärtiger Zeus im Mantel. Sitzend, mit Fackel und Schale, Bärtiger Zeus im Mantel. Sitzend, mit Adler, Schale und Stab, Zusammenfassung); 2.1.3 Pankrates, Plouton, Palaimon (Bärtiger Pankrates im Mantel. Sitzend, mit Füllhorn und Schale, Bärtiger Plouton im Mantel. Sitzend, mit Füllhorn und Schale); 2.1.4 Unbenannter in Zeusikonographie (Unbenannter Bärtiger im Mantel. Sitzend, mit Füllhorn, Unbenannter Bärtiger im Mantel. Sitzend, mit Stab); 2.1.5 Zusammenfassung.
2.   E di seguito: "Kinder und Jugendliche nahmen besonders ans Angehörige ihrer Familie und Familienverbände an einer Vielzahl von religiösen Ritualen teil oder wurden zum Beispiel über ihre Eltern in solche eingebunden."
3.   Certamente ragionare in base a dicotomie rigide come uomo-donna, cittadini-non cittadino, libero-schiavo, ricco-povero, giovane-vecchio (p. 261) può essere limitante, ma può, all'interno di un lavoro non di taglio esclusivamente antropologico, essere funzionale al discorso.
4.   Di Lissarague sono citati alcuni testi, ma manca, appunto, una delle sue opere più importanti, scritta assieme a Françoise Frontisi-Ducroux e Paul Veyne: Les mystères du gynécée, Paris, 1998.
5.   A titolo di esempio per la Grecia antica: Mark Golden, Children and childhood in classical Athens, Baltimore-London, 1990; Jenifer Neils, John H. Oakley (eds.), Coming of Age in Ancient Greece. Images of Childhood from the Classical Past, Hanover, 2003; Véronique Dasen (ed.), Naissance et petite enfance dans l'antiquité. Actes du colloque de Fribourg, 28 novembre - 1. décembre 2001, Fribourg-Göttingen, 2004; Ada Cohen, Jeremy B. Rutter (eds.), Constructions of childhood in ancient Greece and Italy, Princeton, 2007; Corinne Ondine Pache, Baby and Child Heroes in Ancient Greece, Urbana - Chicago, 2004; Marie-Claire Crelier, Kinder in Athen im gesellschaftlichen Wandel des 5. Jahrhunderts v. Chr. Eine archäologische Annäherung, Remshalden, 2008; Anne-Marie Guimier-Sorbets, Yvette Morizot (ed.), L'enfant et la mort dans l'Antiquité I: nouvelles recherches dans les nécropoles grecques; le signalement des tombes d'enfants. Travaux de la Maison René-Ginouvès, 12, Paris, 2010.

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Books Received November 2012.

Version at BMCR home site

The current list contains all books available this month (only those with an asterisk are available; those that appear without asterisks are already assigned to reviewers). Qualified volunteers should indicate their interest by sending a message to classrev@brynmawr.edu, with their last name and requested author in the subject line. They should state their qualifications (e.g. publication or dissertation on the topic) and explain any previous relationship with the author. Volunteers are expected to have received their PhDs. Graduate students writing theses will be considered on the condition that they provide the name of a supervisor who has agreed in advance to read and vet the review, and that the review is approved by the supervisor before submission.

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Bett, Richard (ed., trans.). Sextus Empiricus: Against the physicists. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012. xxxiii, 178 p. $95.00. ISBN 9780521513913.

*Bona, Edoardo, Carlos Lévy and Giuseppina Magnaldi (edd.). Vestigia notitiai: scritti in memoria di Michelangelo Giusta. Alessandria: Edizioni dell'Orso, 2012. xii, 549 p. € 70.00 (pb). ISBN 9788862743532.

Borges, Cassandra and C. Michael Sampson. New literary papyri from the Michigan Collection: mythographic lyric and a catalogue of poetic first lines. New texts from ancient cultures. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2012. xvii, 171 p., 6 p. of plates. $65.00. ISBN 9780472118076.

*Braccini, Tommaso. La fata dai piedi di mula: licantropi, streghe e vampiri nell'Oriente greco. Milano: EncycloMedia Publishers, 2012. 127 p. € 12.00 (pb). ISBN 978887514336.

*Braund, Susanna and Josiah Osgood (edd.). A companion to Persius and Juvenal. Blackwell companions to the ancient world. Malden, MA; Oxford; Chichester: Wiley- Blackwell, 2012. xv, 612 p. $195.00. ISBN 9781405199650.

*Brisson, Luc (ed.). Platon. Oeuvres completes (nouvelle édition revue; first published 2008). Paris: Éditions Flammarion, 2011. xxi, 2198 p. € 39.00 (pb). ISBN 9782081249370.

Brisson, Luc, Arnaud Macé and Anne-Laure Therme (edd.). Lire les présocratiques. Quadrife manuels. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 2012. vii, 232 p. € 15.00 (pb). ISBN 9782130576648.

Burnyeat, M. F. Explorations in ancient and modern philosophy (2 vols.). Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012. x, 382 p.; x, 356 p. $235.00. ISBN 9781107400061.

*Causey, Faya. Ancient carved ambers in the J. Paul Getty Museum. Los Angeles: Getty Publications, 2012. Online publication. Free. ISBN 9781606060513.

**Chankowski, Véronique and Pavlos Karvonis (edd.). Tout vendre, tout acheter: structures et équipements des marchés antiques. Scripta antiqua, 42. Bordeaux: Ausonius Éditions, 2012. 445 p. € 35.00. ISBN 9782356130457.

**Clauss, Manfred. Mithras: Kult und Mysterium. Darmstadt: Verlag Philipp von Zabern, 2012. 192 p., 16 p. of plates. € 29.99. ISBN 9783805345811.

*Cohn, Naftali S. The memory of the Temple and the making of the rabbis. Divinations: rereading late ancient religion. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2013. xii, 240 p. $69.95. ISBN 9780812244571.

Costelloe, Timothy M. (ed.). The sublime: from antiquity to the present. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012. xiii, 304 p. $34.99 (pb). ISBN 9780521143677.

*Curta, Florin. The Edinburgh history of the Greeks, c. 500 to 1050: the early Middle Ages. The Edinburgh history of the Greeks. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2011. vii, 365 p. $135.00. ISBN 9780748638093.

Davis, Gregson. Parthenope: the interplay of ideas in Vergilian bucolic. Mnemosyne supplements. Monographs on Greek and Latin language and literature, 346. Leiden; Boston: Brill, 2012. x, 177 p. $125.00. ISBN 9789004233089.

*Dészpa, Mihály Loránd. Peripherie-Denken: Transformation und Adaption des Gottes Silvanus in den Donauprovinzen (1.-4. Jahrhundert n. Chr.). Potsdamer Altertumswissenschaftliche Beiträge, Bd 35. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 2011. x, 312 p., 13 p. of plates. € 62.00 (pb). ISBN 9783515099455.

*Echeñique, Javier. Aristotle's Ethics and moral responsibility. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012. viii, 209 p. $95.00. ISBN 9781107021587.

*Fantazzi, Charles (trans.). Michael Marullus: Poems. The I Tatti Renaissance library, 54. Cambridge, MA; London: Harvard University Press, 2012. xx, 475 p. $29.95. ISBN 9780674055063.

*Gaisser, Julia Haig (ed., trans.). Giovanni Gioviano Pontano: Dialogues. Volume 1, Charon and Antonius. The I Tatti Renaissance library, 53. Cambridge, MA; London: Harvard University Press, 2012. xxvii, 403 p. $29.95. ISBN 9780674054912.

*Giardina, Giovanna R. Fisica del movimento e teoria dell'infinito: analisi critica di Aristotele, Phys. III. Symbolon. 40. Sankt Augustin: Academia Verlag, 2012. 329 p. € 32.50 (pb). ISBN 9783896655813.

*Gigante, Marcello. L'edera di Leonida. Saggi Bibliopolis, 108. Napoli: Bibliopolis, 2011. 177 p., [8] p. of plates. € 25.00 (pb). ISBN 9788870885910.

Gill, Mary Louise. Philosophos: Plato's missing dialogue. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2012. x, 290 p. $55.00. ISBN 9780199606184.

**Günther, Linda-Marie (ed.). Migration und Bürgerrecht in der hellenistischen Welt. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, 2012. 174 p. € 44.00. ISBN 9783447067911.

*Hobden, Fiona and Christopher Tuplin (edd.). Xenophon: ethical principles and historical enquiry. Mnemosyne supplements. History and archaeology of classical antiquity, 348. Leiden; Boston: Brill, 2012. x, 791 p. $307.00. ISBN 9789004224377.

*Iozzo, Mario. La Collezione Astarita nel Museo gregoriano etrusco, Parte I, 1: ceramica greca a figure nere di produzione non attica. Città del Vaticano: Edizioni Musei Vaticana, 2012. 101 p., xxxvi p. of plates. € 38.00 (pb). ISBN 9788882712556.

*Irvine, Susan and Malcolm R. Godden (edd., trans.). The Old English Boethius: with verse prologues and epilogues associated with King Alfred. Dumbarton Oaks medieval library, 19. Cambridge, MA; London: Harvard University Press, 2012. xxiv, 451 p. $29.95. ISBN 9780674055582.

*Kaldellis, Anthony and Dimitris Krallis (trans.). Michael Attaleiates: The History. Dumbarton Oaks medieval library, 16. Cambridge, MA; London: Harvard University Press, 2012. xx, 636 p. $29.95. ISBN 9780674057999.

*Kefalidou, Evridiki and Despoina Tsiafaki (edd.). Κεραμέως παίδες: αντίδωρο στον Καθηγητή Μιχάλη Τιβέριο από τους μαθητές του. Thessaloniki: Εταιρεία Ανδρίων Επιστημόνων, 2012. 383 p. € 35.00 (pb). ISBN 9789608908727.

*Kinney, Angela M. (ed.). The Vulgate Bible: Douay-Rheims translation. Volume V: The minor prophetical books and Maccabees. Dumbarton Oaks medieval library, 17. Cambridge, MA; London: Harvard University Press, 2012. xxxvii, 631 p. $29.95. ISBN 9780674066359.

*König, Jason. Saints and symposiasts: the literature of food and the symposium in Greco-Roman and early Christian culture. Greek culture in the Roman world. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012. xi, 417 p. $115.00. ISBN 9780521886857.

**Konrad, Michaela and Christian Witschel (edd.). Römische Legionslager in den Rhein- und Donauprovinzen - Nuclei spätantik-frühmittelalterlichen Lebens?. Abhandlungen der Philosophisch-historische Klasse. Neue Folge, 138. München: Verlag der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2011. vi, 666 p. € 224.00. ISBN 9783769601268.

*La Torraca, Umberto. Lo studio del greco a Napoli nel Settecento. Pubblicazioni del Dipartimento di Filologia Classica F. Arnaldi dell'Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, n.s. 2. Napoli: Giannini Editore, 2012. 277 p. (pb). ISBN 9788874316045.

*Leiwo, Martti, Hilla Halla-aho and Marja Vierros (edd.). Variation and change in Greek and Latin. Papers and monographs of the Finnish Institute at Athens, 17. Helsinki: Foundation of the Finnish Institute at Athens, 2012. iii, 177 p. (pb). ISBN 9789526721149.

*Maier, Felix K. "Überall mit dem Unerwarteten rechnen": die Kontingenz historischer Prozesse bei Polybios. Vestigia, Bd 65. München: Verlag C. H. Beck, 2012. viii, 373 p. € 70.00. ISBN 9783406641718.

*Martin, Thomas R. and Christopher W. Blackwell. Alexander the Great: the story of an ancient life. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012. xiv, 193 p. $24.99 (pb). ISBN 9780521148443.

*Masselli, Grazia Maria. Riflessi di magia: virtù e virtuosismi della parola in Roma antica. Studi latini, 81. Napoli: Loffredo, 2012. 166 p. € 15.00 (pb). ISBN 9788875645571.

*Morelli, Alfredo Mario (ed.). Lepos e mores: una giornato su Catullo. Atti del convegno internazionale, Cassino, 27 maggio 2010. Collana di studi umanistici, 2. Cassino: Edizioni Universita* di Cassino, 2012. 286 p. € 27.00 (pb). ISBN 9788883170652.

*Müller, Adelheid. Sehnsucht nach Wissen: Friederike Brun, Elisa von der Recke und die Altertumskunde um 1800. Berlin: Dietrich Reimer Verlag, 2012. xii, 615 p. € 99.00. ISBN 9783496014713.

*Müller, Klaus. Die Ehrenbögen in Pompeji. Studien zur antiken Stadt, Bd 10. Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, 2011. 140 p. € 59.00. ISBN 9783895008177.

Münzer, Friedrich. Kleine Schriften (edited by Matthias Haake and Ann-Cathrin Harders,). Stuttgart: Franz Steiner, 2012. xlvi, 578 p. € 86.00. ISBN 9783515101271.

Okoń, Danuta. Septimius Severus et senatores: Septimius Severus' personal policy towards senators in the light of prosopographic research (193-211 A.D.) (translated by Beata Zawadka). Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Rozprawy i studia, (902) 828. Szczecin: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego, 2012. 147 p. (pb). ISBN 9788372418753.

*Papantoniou, Giorgos. Religion and social transformations in Cyprus: from the Cypriot basileis to the Hellenistic strategos. Mnemosyne supplements. History and archaeology of classical antiquity, 347. Leiden; Boston, 2012. xxiii, 604 p. $226.00. ISBN 9789004224353.

*Paré-Rey, Pascale. Flores et acumina: les sententiae dans les tragédies de Sénèque. Collection Études et de Recherches sur l'Occident Romain, 41. Lyon: CEROR, 2012. 432 p. € 45.00 (pb). ISBN 9782904974434.

*Paton, W. R., F. W. Walbank, Christian Habicht and S. Douglas Olson (trans.; rev.; ed., trans.). Polybius: The histories. Volume VI, Books 28-39 (revised edition); Unattributed fragments. Loeb classical library, 161. Cambridge, MA; London: Harvard University Press, 2012. vii, 619 p. $24.00. ISBN 9780674996618.

*Pearson, Giles. Aristotle on desire. Cambridge classical studies. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012. ix, 276 p. $99.00. ISBN 9781107023918.

*Potter, Paul (ed., trans.). Hippocrates, Volume X. Loeb classical library, 520. Cambridge, MA; London: Harvard University Press, 2012. xxii, 432 p. $24.00. ISBN 9780674996830.

Probert, Philomen and Andreas Willi (edd.). Laws and rules in Indo-European. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2012. xxiii, 393 p. $170.00. ISBN 9780199609925.

**Ratté, Christopher and Peter D. De Staebler (edd.). The Aphrodisias regional survey. Aphrodisias, V. Mainz: Verlag Philipp von Zabern, 2012. xii, 434 p. € 89.90. ISBN 9783805345606.

*Rogers, Guy MacLean. The mysteries of Artemis of Ephesos: cult, polis, and change in the Graeco-Roman world. Synkrisis. New Haven; London: Yale University Press, 2013. xxv, 500 p. $45.00. ISBN 9780300178630.

*Rougemont, Georges. Inscriptions grecques d'Iran et d'Asie centrale. Corpus insriptionum Iranicarum, Part II: Inscriptions of the Seleucid and Parthian periods of eastern Iran and central Asia. Vol. I: Inscriptions in non-Iranian languages, 1. London: School of Oriental and African Studies, 2012. 326 p., 82 p. of plates. ISBN 9780728603974.

*Rüpke, Jörg and Wolfgang Spickermann (edd.). Reflections on religious individuality: Greco-Roman and Judaeo-Christian texts and practices. Religionsgeschichtliche Versuche und Vorarbeiten Bd 62. Berlin; Boston: De Gruyter, 2012. vi, 268 p. $140.00. ISBN 9783110286748.

*Sansone, David. Greek drama and the invention of rhetoric. Malden, MA; Oxford; Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. xi, 258 p. $99.95. ISBN 9781118357088.

*Santamariá Hernández, María Teresa (ed.). Textos médicos grecolatinos antiguos y medievales: estudios sobre composición y fuentes. Cuenca: Ediciones de la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 2012. 286 p. € 18.00 (pb). ISBN 978848278825.

*Scheuble-Reiter, Sandra. Die Katökenreiter im ptolemäischen Ägypten. Vestigia, Bd 64. München: Verlag C. H. Beck, 2012. xii, 428 p. € 70.00. ISBN 9783406641350.

**Simon, Erika (ed., comm.). Ausgewählte Schriften, Bd IV. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2012. 231 p. € 68.00. ISBN 9783447067584.

*Sinisgalli, Rocco. Perspective in the visual culture of classical antiquity. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012. xii, 195 p. $99.00. ISBN 9781107025905.

*Sluiter, Ineke and Ralph M. Rosen (edd.). Aesthetic value in classical antiquity. Mnemosyne supplements. Monographs on Greek and Latin language and literature, 350. Leiden; Boston: Brill, 2012. viii, 486 p. $221.00. ISBN 9789004231672.

*Sorabji, Richard. Gandhi and the Stoics: modern experiments on ancient values. Chicago; London: University of Chicago Press, 2012. xiii, 224 p. $35.00. ISBN 9780226768823.

*Steel, Carlos (ed.). Aristotle's Metaphysics Alpha (with an edition of the Greek text by Oliver Primavesi). Symposium Aristotelicum. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2012. ix, 541 p. $99.00. ISBN 9780199639984.

**Steingräber, Stephan (ed.). Tarquinia: Stadt und Umland von den Etruskern bis heute. Zaberns Bildbände zur Archäologie. Darmstadt: Verlag Philipp von Zabern, 2012. 144 p. € 29.99. ISBN 9783805344616.

**Steinmann, Marc. Alexander der Große und die "nackten Weisen" Indiens. Klassische Philologie, Bd 4. Berlin: Frank & Timme, 2012. 398 p. € 68.00. ISBN 9783865964618.

*Stem, Stephen Rex. The political biographies of Cornelius Nepos. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2012. xi, 291 p. $70.00. ISBN 9780472118380.

Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.). Ancient perspectives: maps and their place in Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greece, and Rome. The Kenneth Nebenzahl, Jr., lectures in the history of cartography. Chicago; London: University of Chicago Press, 2012. ix, 264 p. $65.00. ISBN 9780226789378.

Thomas, Michael L., Gretchen E. Meyers and Ingrid E. M. Edlund-Berry (edd.). Monumentality in Etruscan and early Roman architecture: ideology and innovation. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2012. xiii, 184 p. $60.00. ISBN 9780292738881.

*Tutrone, Fabio. Filosofi e animali in Roma antica: modelli di animalità e umanità in Lucrezio e Seneca. Pubblicazioni della Facoltà di lettere e filosofia dell'Università di Pavia, 126. Pisa: Edizioni ETS, 2012. 388 p. € 34.00 (pb). ISBN 9788846732330.

*Walsh, Peter G. and Christopher Husch (edd., trans.). One hundred Latin hymns: Ambrose to Aquinas. Dumbarton Oaks medieval library, 18. Cambridge, MA; London: Harvard University Press, 2012. xxv, 517 p. $29.95. ISBN 9780674057739.

Wyke, Maria. Caesar in the USA. Berkeley; Los Angeles; London: University of California Press, 2012. xii, 306 p. $39.95. ISBN 9780520273917.

*Zilioli, Ugo. The Cyrenaics. Durham: Acumen, 2012. xiii, 224 p. $75.00. ISBN 9781844652907.

Zimmerman, M. (ed.). Apulei Metamorphoseon Libri XI. Oxford classical texts. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2012. lix, 289 p. $75.00. ISBN 9780199277025.

Again Available

*Malick-Prunier, Sophie. Le corps féminin dans la poésie latine tardive. Études anciennes. Série latine, 73. Paris: Les Belles Lettres, 2011. 319 p. € 45.00 (pb). ISBN 9782251328874.

*Reydams-Schils, Gretchen (ed.). Thinking through excerpts: studies on Stobaeus. Monothéismes et philosophie. Turnhout: Brepols, 2011. 730 p. € 100.00 (pb). ISBN 9782503529769.

*Watson, Walter. The lost second book of Aristotle's Poetics. Chicago; London: University of Chicago Press, 2012. xii, 304 p. $45.00. ISBN 9780226875088.

Still Available

*Achilli, Ilenia. Il Proemio del Libro 20 della Biblioteca Storica di Diodoro Siculo. Koinos logos, 5. Lanciano: Casa Editrice Rocco Carabba, 2012. 166 p. € 22.00 (pb). ISBN 9788863442403.

*Baltrusch, Ernst. Herodes: König im Heiligen Land. Eine Biographie. München: C. H. Beck, 2012. 448 p. € 26.95. ISBN 9783406637384.

*Belozerskaya, Marina. Medusa's gaze: the extraordinary journey of the Tazza Farnese. Emblems of antiquity. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2012. xvii, 292 p. $24.95. ISBN 9780199739318.

*Briscoe, John (ed., comm.). A commentary on Livy, Books 41-45. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2012. xx, 823 p. $299.00. ISBN 9780199216642.

*Buchan, Mark. Perfidy and passion: reintroducing the Iliad. Wisconsin studies in classics. Madison: The University of Wisconsin Press, 2012. xiv, 196 p. $19.95 (pb). ISBN 9780299286347.

*Cardinali, Giacomo and Pierre Laurens (ed., comm.; trans.). Marc-Antoine de Muret. Jules César / Iulius Caesar. Les Classiques de l'Humanisme. Paris: Les Belles Lettres, 2012. cccxlv, 219 p. € 75.00 (pb). ISBN 9782251801261.

*Cavaliere, Barbara and Jennifer Udell (edd.). Ancient Mediterranean art: the William D. and Jane Walsh Collection at Fordham University. New York: Fordham University Press, 2012. 343 p. $75.00. ISBN 9780823244522.

*Crislip, Andrew. Thorns in the flesh: illness and sanctity in late ancient Christianity. Divinations: rereading late ancient religion. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2012. 238 p. $65.00. ISBN 9780812244458.

*Etcheto, Henri. Les Scipions: famille et pouvoir à Rome à l'époque républicaine. Scripta antiqua, 45. Bordeaux: Ausonius Éditions, 2012. 475 p. € 25.00 (pb). ISBN 9782356130730. *Evans, Richard J. A history of Pergamum: beyond Hellenistic kingship. London; New York: Continuum, 2012. xiii, 224 p. $120.00. ISBN 9781441124142.

*Fritzílas, Stamatis A. Χθόνια γοργόνα: ο μύθος στην ελληνική κεραμική. Tripole: Εκδόσεις Φύλλα, 2010. 111 p. € 10.65 (pb). ISBN 9789608462625.

*Fussi, Alessandra. La città nell'anima: Leo Strauss lettore di Platone e Senofonte. Philosophica, 97. Pisa: Edizioni ETS, 2011. 318 p. € 25.00 (pb). ISBN 9788846727244.

*Gauer, Werner. Der Zorn des Zeus: und die klassische Kunst der Griechen. Einladung zu einer Griechenlandreise. Verlag Franz Philipp RutzenMainz; Ruhpolding, 2012. 208 p. € 29.80. ISBN 9783447067416.

*Giovacchini, Julie. L'Empirisme d'Épicure. Les Anciens et les Modernes - études de philosophie, 11. Paris: Classiques Garnier, 2012. 228 p. € 29.00 (pb). ISBN 9782812405044.

*Goukowsky, Paul (ed., trans., comm.). Diodore de Sicile: Bibliothèque historique. Fragments, Tome 3: Livres XXVII-XXXII. Collection des universités de France, série grecque 489. Le Kremlin Bicetre: Editions Belles Lettres, 2012. 284 p. € 75.00 (pb). ISBN 9782251005737.

*Helmer, Étienne. La part du bronze: Platon et l'économie. Tradition de la pensée classique. Paris: Librairie philosophique J. Vrin, 2010. 320 p. € 32.00 (pb). ISBN 9782711622634.

*Hostein, Antony. La cité et l'Empereur: les Éduens dans l'Empire romain d'après les Panégyriques latins. Histoire ancienne et médiévale, 117. Paris: Publications de la Sorbonne, 2012. 543 p. € 35.00 (pb). ISBN 9782859447120.

*Institut des sciences humaines et sociales du CNRS (ed.). L'histoire de l'alimentation dans l'Antiquité: bilan historiographique. Dialogues d'histoire ancienne supplément, 7. Besançon: Presses universitaires de Franche Comté, 2012. 176 p. € 16.00 (pb). ISBN 9782848674285.

*Kamtekar, Rachana (ed.). Virtue and happiness: essays in honour of Julia Annas. Oxford studies in ancient philosophy. Supplementary volume, 2012. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2012. x, 354 p. $40.00 (pb). ISBN 9780199646050.

*Lamberz, Erich (ed.). Concilium universale nicaenum secundum: concilii actiones IV-V. Acta Conciliorum Oecumenicorum. Series secunda, 3, pars 2. Berolini: Walter De Gruyter, 2012. xxxv, [318] p. $335.00 (pb). ISBN 9783110272741.

*Landucci Gattinoni, Franca. Filippo re dei Macedoni. Introduzioni. Storia. Bologna: Il mulino, 2012. 180 p. € 14.00 (pb). ISBN 9788815237170.

*Lozano-Vásquez, Anrea (ed.). Platón y la irracionalidad. Bogota: Universidad de Los Andes, Facultad de Artes y Humanidades, Departamento de Humanidades y Literatura; Ediciones Uniandes, 2012. 256 p. $45.00 (pb). ISBN 9789586958301.

*Mariotta, Giuseppe and Adalberto Magnelli (ed., comm.). Diodoro Siculo. Biblioteca storica, Libro IV: commento storico. Storia : Ricerche. Milano: V and P Vita e Pensiero, 2012. xiv, 396 p. € 30.00 (pb). ISBN 9788834315767.

*Martin, Marco. Posidonio d'Apamea e i Celti: un viaggiatore greco in Gallia prima di Cesare. A10, 772. Roma: Aracne editrice, 2012. 504 p. € 30.00 (pb). ISBN 9788854843134.

*Pagliara, Alessandro. Retorica, filosofia e politica in Giuliano Cesare. Hellenica, 42. Alessandria: Edizioni dell'Orso, 2012. viii, 168 p. € 18.00 (pb). ISBN 9788862743778.

*Perrelli, Raffaele and Paolo Mastandrea. Latinum est, et legitur: metodi e temi dello studio dei testi latini. Supplementi di Lexis, 65. Amsterdam: Adolf M. Hakkert, 2011. 402 p. € 80.00 (pb). ISBN 9789025612757.

*Pinto, John A. Speaking ruins: Piranesi, architects and antiquity in eighteenth-century Rome. Thomas Spencer Jerome lectures. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2012. xxiii, 304 p. $65.00. ISBN 9780472118212.

***Porter, Anne. Mobile pastoralism and the formation of Near Eastern civilizations: weaving together society. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012. x, 389 p. $99.00. ISBN 9780521764438.

*Rieche, Anita. Von Rom nach Las Vegas: Rekonstruktionen antiker römischer Architektur 1800 bis heute. Berlin: Dietrich Reimer Verlag, 2012. 239 p. € 29.95 (pb). ISBN 9783496014577.

*Rollinger, Robert, Gundula Schwinghammer, Brigitte Truschnegg and Kordula Schnegg (edd.). Altertum und Gegenwart: 125 Jahre Alte Geschichte in Innsbruck. Vorträge der Ringvorlesung Innsbruck 2010. Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Kulturwissenschaft, Neue Folge, Bd 4. Innsbruck: Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Kulturwissenschaft, 2012. 393 p. € 56.00. ISBN 9783851242200.

*Rondholz, Anke. The versatile needle: Hosidius Geta's cento "Medea" and its tradition. Trends in classics. Supplementary volumes, Bd 15. Berlin; Boston: De Gruyter, 2012. ix, 172 p. $112.00. ISBN 9783110283815.

**Rosenberger, Veit. Religion in der Antike. Geschichte kompakt. Darmstadt: WBG (Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft), 2012. 144 S. € 14.90. ISBN 9783534238262.

**Saunders, Timothy, Charles Martindale, Ralph Pite and Mathilde Skoie (edd.). Romans and Romantics. Classical presences. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2012. xxii, 431 p. $160.00. ISBN 9780199588541.

*Svarlien, John (trans.). Horace: Satires (introduction and notes by David Mankin). Indianapolis; Cambridge: Hackett Publishing Company, Inc., 2012. xxxvi, 198 p. $14.95 (pb). ISBN 9781603848442.

*Walde, Christine (ed.). The reception of classical literature. Brill's new Pauly. Supplements, 5. Leiden; Boston: Brill, 2012. xix, 596 p. $271.00. ISBN 9789004218932.

**Zgoll, Christian. Römische Prosodie und Metrik: ein Studienbuch mit Audiodateien. Darmstadt: WBG (Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft), 2012. 215 p.; MP3-Dateien. € 39.90. ISBN 9783236886.

**Andreae, Bernard. Römische Kunst: von Augustus bis Constantin. Darmstadt: Verlag Philipp von Zabern, 2012. 256 p. € 79.00. ISBN 9783805341912.

*Ash, Rhiannon (ed.). Tacitus. Oxford readings in classical studies. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2012. xi, 475 p. $75.00 (pb). ISBN 9780199285099.

*Bazou, Athina D. (ed.). Γαληνού Ότι ταις του σώματος κράσεσιν αι της ψυχής δυνάμεις έπονται. Ελληνική βιβλιοθήκη. Athens: Ακαδημία Αθηνών, 2011. xi, 134 p. € 15.00. ISBN 9789604041367.

*Beeley, Christopher A. The unity of Christ: continuity and conflict in patristic tradition. New Haven; London: Yale University Press, 2012. xii, 391 p. $50.00. ISBN 9780300178623.

*Bernardakis, Panagiotes D. and Henricus Gerardus Ingenkamp (edd.). Plutarchi Chaeronensis Moralia, recognovit Gregorius N. Bernardakis. Editionem Maiorem (4 vols.). Athens: Academy of Athens, 2011. [46], 421 p.; [16], 557 p.; [44], 585 p.; [15], 473 p. ISBN 9789604041275.

*Bouchet, René (ed.). Satires et parodies du Moyen Age grec. La roue à livres. Paris: Les Belles Lettres, 2012. 280 p. € 27.00 (pb). ISBN 9782251339665.

*Burns, Paul C. A model for the Christian life: Hilary of Poitiers' Commentary on the Psalms. Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press, 2012. xii, 254 p. $64.95. ISBN 9780813219875.

*Canellis, Aline (ed.). La correspondance d'Ambroise de Milan. Centre Jean Palerne. Mémoires, 33. Saint-Etienne: Publications de l'Université de Saint-Etienne, 2012. 536 p., vi p. of plates. € 35.00 (pb). ISBN 9782862725840.

*Caston, Victor (ed., trans., comm.). Alexander of Aphrodisias. On the soul, Part I: Soul as form of the body, parts of the soul, nourishment, and perception. Ancient commentators on Aristotle. London: Bristol Classical Press, 2012. viii, 248 p. $130.00. ISBN 9781780930244.

*Damet, Aurélie. La septième porte: les conflits familiaux dans l'Athènes classique. Histoire ancienne et médiévale, 115. Paris: Publications de la Sorbonne, 2012. 507 p. € 35.00 (pb). ISBN 9782859447038.

*Dillon, Matthew and Lynda Garland. The ancient Greeks: history and culture from archaic times to the death of Alexander. London; New York: Routledge, 2013. xxxiii, 656 p. $44.95 (pb). ISBN 9780415471435.

**Ehling, Kay and Gregor Weber (edd.). Konstantin der Grosse: zwischen Sol und Christus. Zaberns Bildbände zur Archäologie. Darmstadt: Verlag Philipp von Zabern, 2011. 143 p. € 29.90. ISBN 9783805342926.

*Enenkel, Karl, Marc Laureys and Christoph Pieper (edd.). Discourses of power: ideology and politics in Neo-Latin literature. Noctes neolatinae / Neo-Latin texts and studies, Bd 17. Hildesheim; Zürich; New York: Georg Olms Verlag, 2012. xxxv, 338 p. € 49.80 (pb). ISBN 9783487148380.

*Fachard, Sylvian. La défense du territoire: étude de la chôra érétrienne et de ses fortifications. Eretria: fouilles et recerches, 21. Gollion: Ecole Suisse d'archéologie en Grèce, Infolio éditions, 2012. 358 p. € 80.00 (pb). ISBN 9782884744102.

*Guichard, Luis Arturo (ed., trans., comm.). Anacreónticas. Clásicos Linceo. Madrid: Ediciones Cátedra, 2012. 191 p. € 11.40 (pb). ISBN 9788437630366.

*Günther, Linda-Marie and Volker Grieb (edd.). Das imperiale Rom und der hellenistische Osten: Festschrift für Jurgen Deininger zum 75. Geburtstag. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 2012. 211 p. € 44.00. ISBN 9783515101691.

*Habetzeder, Julia. Evading Greek models: three studies on Roman visual culture. Stockholm: Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, Stockholm University, 2012. 45 p. (pb). ISBN 9789174475579.

**Horstmanshoff, Manfred, Helen King and Claus Zittel (edd.). Blood, sweat, and tears: the changing concepts of physiology from antiquity into early modern Europe. Intersections, 25. Leiden; Boston: Brill, 2012. xxvi, 772 p. $297.00. ISBN 9789004229181.

*Inwood, Brad (ed.). Oxford studies in ancient philosophy. Volume 42, summer 2012. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2012. 386 p. $45.00 (pb). ISBN 9780199644391.

*Isnardi Parente, Margherita and Tiziano Dorandi (edd., trans., comm.). Senocrate e Ermodoro: testimonianze e frammenti. Testi e commenti, 13. Pisa: Edizioni della Normale, 2012. xxii, 410 p. € 45.00. ISBN 9788876422089.

**Junker, Klaus and Sabrina Strohwald. Götter als Erfinder: die Entstehung der Kultur in der griechischen Kunst. Zaberns Bildbände zur Archäologie. Darmstadt: Verlag Philipp von Zabern 2012. 104 p. € 24.99. ISBN 9783805344791.

*Karila-Cohen, Karine and Florent Quellier (edd.). Le corps du gourmand: d'Héraclès à Alexandre le Bienheureux. Tables des hommes. Rennes; Tours: Presses universitaires de Rennes; Presses universitaires François-Rabelais de Tours, 2012. 350 p. € 20.00 (pb). ISBN 9782753520325.

**Kunnert, Ursula. Bürger unter sich: Phylen in den Städten des kaiserzeitlichen Ostens. Schweizerische Beiträge zur Altertumswissenschaft, 39. Basel: Schwabe Basel, 2012. 380 p. € 82.00. ISBN 9783796528842.

*Leigh, Fiona (ed.). The Eudemian ethics on the voluntary, friendship, and luck: the Sixth S.V. Keeling Colloquium in Ancient Philosophy. Philosophia antiqua, 132. Leiden; Boston: Brill, 2012. xxix, 197 p. $144.00. ISBN 9789004225367.

*Maso, Stefano. Filosofia a Roma: dalla riflessione sui principi all'arte della vita. Studi superiori, 806. Roma: Carocci editore, 2012. 245 p. € 22.50 (pb). ISBN 9788843065318.

*Meister, Jan Bernhard. Der Körper des Princeps: zur Problematik eines monarchischen Körpers ohne Monarchie. Historia - Einzelschriften, Bd 223. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 2012. 327 p. € 64.00. ISBN 9783515100809.

Olbrycht, Marek Jan (ed.). Anabasis: studia classica et orientalia, vol. 2/2011. Rzeszów: Department of Ancient History and Oriental Studies, University of Rzeszów, 2011. 327 p. 21.00 zl (pb). ISSN 20828993.

*Renshaw, James. In search of the Romans. London: Bristol Classical Press, 2012. viii, 376 p. $29.95 (pb). ISBN 9781853997488.

*Suñol, Viviana. Más allá del arte: mimesis en Aristóteles. Colección filosofía. La Plata: Editorial de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata (Edulp), 2012. 240 p. $69.00 (pb). ISBN 9789503408315.

**Vogel-Ehrensperger, Verena. Die übelste aller Frauen?: Klytaimestra in Texten vom Homer bis Aischylos und Pindar. Schweizerische Beiträge zur Altertumswissenschaft, 38. Basel: Schwabe Basel, 2012. 492 p. € 82.00. ISBN 9783796528460.

*Vokaer, Agnès. La Brittle Ware en Syrie: production et diffusion d'une céramique culinaire de l'époque hellénistique à l'époque omeyyade. Fouilles d'Apamée de Syrie, n.s., 2. Collection des Mémoires de la Classe des Lettres in 4°, T. III. Bruxelles: Académie royale de Belgique, 2011. xiii, 196 p.; 144 p. of plates. ISBN 9782803102846.

Balbo, Andrea, Federica Bessone and Ermanno Malaspina (edd.). Tanti affetti in tal momento: studi in onore di Giovanna Garbarino. Alessandria: Edizioni dell'Orso, 2012. xviii, 910 p. € 120.00 (pb). ISBN 9788862743082.

*Betancourt, Philip P. The dams and water management systems of Minoan Pseira. Philadelphia: INSTAP Academic Press, 2012. xvii, 91 p. $20.00 (pb). ISBN 9781931534666.

*Cerutti, Maria Vittoria (ed.). Auctoritas: mondo tardoantico e riflessi contemporanei. Siena: Edizioni Cantagalli, 2012. 222 p. € 14.00 (pb). ISBN 9788882727932.

*Chiarini, Sara. L'archeologia dello Scutum Herculis. Area 10, 852. Roma: Aracne editrice, 2012. 206 p. € 13.00 (pb). ISBN 9788854850439.

*Copenhaver, Brian P. and Lodi Nauta (edd., trans.). Lorenzo Valla. Dialectical disputations (2 vols.). I Tatti Renaissance library, l49-50. Cambridge, MA; London: Harvard University Press, 2012. l,397 p.; 591 p. $29.95; $29.95. ISBN 9780674055766; 9780674061408.

**Danek, Georg and Irmtraud Hellerschmid. Rituale: Identitätsstiftende Handlungskomplexe. 2. Tagung des Zentrums Archäologie und Altertumswissenschaften an der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2./3. November 2009. Denkschriften der philosophisch-historische Klasse, 437;Origines, 2. Wien: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2012. 247 p. € 61.00 (pb). ISBN 9783700171270.

**De Poli, Mattia. Monodie mimetiche e monodie diegetiche: i canti a solo di Euripide e la tradizione poetica greca. Drama, Neue Serie, Bd 10. Tübingen: Narr Verlag, 2012. 210 p. € 58.00. ISBN 9783823367260.

*Goeken, Johann. Aelius Aristide et la rhétorique de l'hymne en prose. Recherches sur les rhétoriques réligieuses, 15. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2012. 708 p. € 110.00 (pb). ISBN 9782503541488.

**Hauben, Hans. Studies on the Melitian schism in Egypt (AD 306-335) (edited by Peter van Nuffelen). Variorum collected studies series, CS1001. Farnham; Burlington, VT: Ashgate Variorum, 2012. 294 p. $154.95. ISBN 9781409439424.

*Havlícek, Aleš and Filip Karfík (edd.). Platos's Sophist: proceedings of the Seventh Symposium Platonicum Pragense. Praha: Oikoymenh, 2011. 392 p. € 10.00. ISBN 9788072984657.

*Lloyd, G. E. R. Being, humanity, and understanding: studies in ancient and modern societies. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2012. 136 p. $45.00. ISBN 9780199654727.

*Nasse, Christiane. Erdichtete Rituale: die Eingeweideschau in der lateinischen Epik und Tragödie. Potsdamer Altertumswissenschaftliche Beiträge, Bd 38. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 2012. 408 p. € 66.00 (pb). ISBN 9783515101332.

*Perodaskalakis, Dimitris E. Σοφοκλής: τραγικό θέαμα και ανθρώπινο πάθος. Athens: Εκδόσεις Gutenberg, 2012. 169 p. € 10.80 (pb). ISBN 9789600115024.

*Rashed, Roshdi (ed., trans., comm.). Abu Kamil. Algèbre et analyse diophantienne: édition, traduction et commentaire. Scientia Graeco-Arabica, Bd 9. Berlin; Boston: De Gruyter, 2012. xiv, 819 p. $210.00. ISBN 9783110295610.

**Teatini, Alessandro. Repertorio dei sarcofagi decorati della Sardegna romana. Bibliotheca archaeologica, 48. Roma: L'Erma di Bretschneider, 2011. 478 p. € 300.00. ISBN 9788882656324.

*Vanhaelen, Maude (ed., trans.). Marsilio Ficino. Commentaries on Plato. Volume 2: Parmenides (2 vols.). I Tatti Renaissance library, 51-52. Cambridge, MA; London: Harvard University Press, 2012. lxii, 286 p.; 408 p. $29.95; $29.95. ISBN 9780674064713; 9780674064720.

*Volt, Ivo and Janika Päll (edd.). Quattuor Lustra: papers celebrating the 20th anniversary of the re-establishment of classical studies at the University of Tartu. Morgensterni Seltsi toimetised / Acta Societatis Morgensternianae, IV-V. Tartu: Societas Morgensterniana, 2012. 400 p. € 23.00 (pb.). ISBN 9789949320677.

*Zhmud, Leonid. Pythagoras and the early Pythagoreans (translated from Russian by Kevin Windle and Rosh Ireland; first published 1994). Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2012. xxiv, 491 p. $185.00. ISBN 9780199289318.

*Luque Moreno, Jesús (ed., trans., comm.). Horacio Lírico: notas de clase. Granada: Editorial Universidad de Granada, 2012. xci, 203 p. € 30.00 (pb). ISBN 9788433853646.

*White, Donald. The Extramural Sanctuary of Demeter and Persephone at Cyrene, Libya, final reports VIII: the Sanctuary's imperial architectural development, conflict with Christianity, and final days (with Joyce Reynolds). University Museum monograph, 134. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology (for the Libyan Department of Antiquities), 1984. xxiv, 216 p. $69.95. ISBN 9781934536469.

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